The phenomenon that fibers and yarns are pulled out of the fabric surface due to hooking is called hooking. The woven fabrics of knitted fabrics and deformed filaments encounter a hard object during use, and are prone to snagging and form a loop and/or a tight yarn section on the surface of the fabric. When a sharp object is touched and the force is intense, the monofilament is easily broken off, and the filaments protrude from the fabric. Hooks are produced on the fabric, which not only seriously deteriorates the appearance but also affects the durability of the fabric.
First, the detection standard
GB/T11047-2008 "Textile fabric hooking performance evaluation nail hammer method."
Second, the scope of application
This standard stipulates the test method and evaluation index for determining the hooking performance of fabrics using the hammer hammer method.
This standard applies to knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, and other fabrics that are easy to thread, and is particularly applicable to chemical filaments and their textured yarns.
Fabric.
This standard does not apply to fabrics, nonwovens and tufted fabrics with a mesh structure.
Third, the terms and definitions
(1)Hooking: The loops, fibers (bunches), loops, fluff, or other irregularities that are formed on the surface of the fabric after the yarns or fibers in the fabric are struck or broken by the sharp objects.
(2) Length of hooking wire: The length of the hooking wire from its end to the surface of the fabric.
(3) tight yarn section (tight scar): when a piece of yarn in the fabric is hooked to form a hook wire, the part left in the fabric is straightened and is obviously tighter than the adjacent yarn, thus the two Wrinkles and streaks on the ends or sides.
Fourth, testing equipment and testing principle
1. Detection principle
The cylindrical sample was placed on the drum, and the chain hanging hammer was placed on the sample surface. When the rotating drum rotates at a constant speed, the hammers randomly flip and beat on the surface of the sample, so that the surface of the hooks and hooks of the specimens is hooked. After a specified number of revolutions, the degree of hooking of the sample was rated against the standard sample.
2. Test equipment and tools
(1) Hammer hook hook instrument:
1 The diameter of the hammer ball is 32 mm, and the distance between the hammer and the guide rod is 45 mm.
2 11 nail needles were placed on the equidistantly spaced tungsten needles, and the exposed length of the stylus was 10 mm.
3 Rotary speed is (60 ± 2) r/min.
4 The felt is 3 to 3.2 mm thick and 165 mm wide. When 200h is used or when the surface becomes rough and other serious wear phenomenon should be replaced.
(2) Assessment board: The thickness of the assessment board does not exceed 3mm and the specification is 140mm x 280mm.
(3) Rulers with a 1 mm graduation; scissors; drawing templates; sewing machines;
(4) 8 rubber rings.
(5) Rating box: Rating box uses 12 V, 55 W quartz halogen lamp; hook wire 5 standard sample photos.
Five, sample preparation
Samples were taken within 1/10 widths of the edge of the cloth, and two (2) longitudinal and transverse (horizontal) specimens each measuring 200 mm x 330 mm. The sample should not contain the same warp and weft yarns. Each sample was sewn inwards to form a sleeve having a circumference of 280 mm (a 270 mm circumference of a highly stretchable fabric can be sewn). Note that the longitudinal (longitudinal) direction of the longitudinal (longitudinal) sample is parallel to the short side of the sample, and the transverse (longitudinal) direction of the weft (horizontal) to the sample is parallel to the short side of the sample.
(1) Sample extraction methods and quantities shall be negotiated in accordance with product standards or related aspects.
(2) Take at least the full width of the sample. Do not sample within 1m of the end of the sample. The sample should be flat and wrinkle free.
(3) Cut two pieces of longitudinal (longitudinal) and transverse (horizontal) samples each on the humidity-conditioned sample. The size of each sample is 200mm × 330mm. Do not cut the width of the sample by 1/10. Sampling, the sample can not have any defects and creases. The sample should not contain the same warp and weft yarns.
(4) The front side of the sample is relatively sewn into a cylindrical shape, and its circumference should be compatible with the circumference of the drum. Sample sleeve circumference of non-elastic fabric
With a length of 280 mm, the circumference of the sample sleeve of the elastic fabric (including the highly stretchable fabric) was 270 mm. Stitched tube test
Like turned to face outward. If the sample sleeve is too loose or too tight on the drum, the circumference may be reduced or increased to make it moderately tight.
Note: The longitudinal (longitudinal) direction of the longitudinal (longitudinal) sample is parallel to the short side of the sample, and the transverse (longitudinal) direction of the weft (horizontal) to the sample is parallel to the short side of the sample.
Six, humidity and test atmosphere
Humidification and test using standard atmospheric temperature (20 ± 2) °C, relative humidity (65 ± 4)%. Pure polyester fabrics are equilibrated for at least 2 hours and fabrics with a nominal moisture regain of 0 can be tested directly.
Seven test steps
1. Sample installation
The slits of the tubular specimen are spread on both sides and rolled up. For knitting transverse specimens, one of the tandem coils of one of the specimens should be directed to the left and the other to the right. Use two rubber rings to secure the ends of the sleeve. The longitudinal (longitudinal) and transverse (horizontal) specimens should be randomly placed on different drums. Place the hammer around the guide rod on the sample and use a caliper to set the distance between the hammer and the guide rod to 45 mm.
2. Test
(1) Set the number of revolutions of the instrument and start the instrument. Observe that the hammer should be able to freely flip and beat on the entire drum; otherwise, it should be stopped for inspection.
(2) After the specified number of revolutions of 600 r is reached, the machine is shut down automatically. Carefully remove the hammer and remove the sample.
Eight, result evaluation
1. Hooking rating
Samples should be placed for at least 4 h after removal and then rated.
(1) The specimen is fixed on the rating plate so that the rating zone is on the front of the rating plate, or the rating plate is directly inserted into the cylindrical sample so that the suture is in the center of the back face.
(2) Place the sample in the rating box observation window and place the standard sample on the other side.
(3) According to the density of the sample snare (including the tight yarn section), each sample is divided according to the visual description in the following table.
level. If between two levels, record half.
2. Test results
The test result of the sample is the average of all personnel ratings, rounded off to the nearest 0.5 level, and indicated with "1". For example, grades 3 to 4 calculate the longitudinal (longitudinal) and latitudinal (horizontal) sample threading levels. Other averages. Another method of rating can be used to rotate the specimen to a suitable position so that the observed pilling is severe. This assessment can provide data for extreme situations. For example, observe the plane along the surface of the specimen.
3. Hook wire performance evaluation
If the sample hooking wire contains a middle hook wire or a long hook wire, the ranking shall be lowered according to the provisions of the table. The cumulative descending order of the medium and long hook wires in one pattern shall be at most 1. If necessary, the snagging performance of the sample is evaluated. ≥4 grades indicate good anti-silkability, ≥3 to 4 grades indicate anti-silkability, and ≤3 grades indicate poor anti-silk performance.
Note: 1 The structure of the fabric is special, or the parties concerned can agree upon the agreement. The number of revolutions can be selected as required. 2 If the leveling difference of the sample in the same direction exceeds level 1, two additional pieces shall be tested.
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