Ecological problems in textile production

I. Air pollution

(I) Cotton dust pollution

Cotton dust is a complex mixture. In addition to fibers, broken leaves, seed husks, soil, bacteria and pesticides, it also contains other impurities that are trapped during the picking of cotton and during storage, including cotton dust particles with a diameter of less than 10 μm. For "absorbable cotton dust," long-term personnel working in a high-density cotton dust environment are prone to chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing, etc. At a certain temperature, when the concentration of cotton dust reaches a certain level, it may cause serious accidents such as explosions and fires. Table 4-2 shows the dust content of the discharged air from the main processes of the 10,000-bottle spinning mill. These dust-laden air must be filtered so that the air dust concentration in the working environment is reduced to 1 to 3 mg/m3, and the workers can work normally. This will consume more manpower and clean air equipment.

Table 4-2 Dust Content of Exhausted Air in Main Processes of Mills Unit: mg/m3

(two) high case of high humidity

Weaving workshops are in high humidity all year round, and generally have a relative humidity of 85% to 90%. In order to reduce the yarn breakage, weaving fabrics improve the weaving efficiency, and the relative humidity is controlled at more than 90% at the hemp workshop. Persons working in this environment for a long time are prone to diseases such as rheumatism and arthritis.

(c) Bad smell

The oils and lubricants added during the various processes of textile processing cause unpleasant odors due to high temperatures during high-speed operation of the machine, which also directly affects the health of the human body. In addition, the boiler's boiler flue gas, air-gas hydrocarbon refrigerants will cause damage to the atmospheric ozone layer.